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a quality to be approved by the Building Authority and the joints shall be properly caulked and run with lead, and (unless the written permission of the Building Authority has first been obtained to lay the drain or sewer otherwise) shall be laid in one straight line for the whole distance beneath such building, and shall be imbedded and encased throughout its entire length in four inches of concrete as specified in regulation No. 10 of these regulations.
18. Whenever a covered drain or sewer traverses soft or yielding ground, or when water may make its appearance in the trench, the drain or sewer shall be surrounded throughout its entire length with not less than four inches of concrete as specified in regulation No. 10 of these regulations,
19. No drain or sewer shall be constructed in such manner as to allow any inlet to such drain or sewer to be placed inside any roofed building, (except such inlet as may be necessary from the apparatus of any water closet or urinal):
Provided that, if in the opinion of the Building Authority it is impracticable to comply with this regulation in respect of any premises without encroach- ing on unleased Crown land, the Building Authority shall, on payment by the owner of such premises of a fee of twenty dollars, construct an inlet on Crown land to receive the drainage of such premises and connect such inlet with a sewer. The cost of cleansing and maintaining such inlet shall thereafter be borne by the owner for the time being of the said premises, and may be recovered by the Building Authority from such owner by an action in the Supreme Court in its summary jurisdiction.
20. The aggregate area of the openings in any grating fixed on the inlet to a waste-pipe from a bath or sink shall not be less than four square inches and such waste-pipe shall not have a less internal diameter than one and a half inches.
21. Every inlet to a drain or sewer shall be provided with a trap of a pattern to be approved by the Building Authority. All surface traps and gulleys shall be provided with hinged gratings having the nett area of the openings not less than twice the area of the trap or pipe. Such gratings shall be sunk to a depth of at least one inch below the surrounding surface with a slope round them equal to half the width of the grating.
22. Traps shall have not less than two inches of water seal and shall be properly fixed and jointed to the satisfaction of the Building Authority. All stone- ware traps shall be surrounded with four inches of concrete as specified in regulation No. 10 of these regulations.
23. No person shall construct or fix in connexion with any drain or waste-pipe the form of trap of the kind known as the belltrap, or any trap of the kind known as the D trap.
24. Every covered main drain or sewer carrying sewage or sullage-water shall be ventilated at its upper end by carrying up in the open air an iron ventilating pipe of a diameter of not less than four inches to a height of not less than three feet above the eaves of the building to which it is affixed or of any of the immediately adjoining buildings, and clear of all windows, sky-lights or other openings. The joints of all such pipes shall be properly caulked and run with lead.
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25. Every covered main drain or sewer carrying sewage or sullage-water shall, if required by the Building Authority, have a ventilating opening near to its lower end and in the open air, and no trap or other obstruction to the free circulation of air shall exist between this opening and the oue described in regulation No. 24 of these regulations,
When a covered main drain receives the drainage of more than one building, the Building Authority may require additional provision for ventilation of the branch drain from each building.
26. All eaves-gutters shall be of cast-iron or other inaterial approved by the Building Authority and shall be securely fixed at a proper gradient and connected to rain-water pipes to the satisfaction of the Building Authority.
27. Rain-water pipes and waste-pipes from baths, sinks and other similar appliances on the upper floors of buildings shall be fixed, as far as may be practic- able, vertically, and shall be of cast-iron socketed pipes jointed with cement, or wrought-iron pipes, with screwed joints, coated with bituminous composi- tion, or galvanised, or of well glazed stone-ware socketed pipes, or other approved materials, securely fixed outside the wall, and in the open air, by means of wrought-iron bands fitted round the pipe, and made fast with wrought-iron spikes not less than four inches long, or in the case of iron pipes by means of ears, made fast as above described and provided, at each point of connexion, with a suitable head, and at their lower extremity with a bend, shoe, or pedestal pipe. Every opening in the wall of a building for the dis- charge of sullage-water shall be of a suitable size and entirely protected to the satisfaction of the Building Authority by a fixed grating of cast-iron or other material to be approved by the Building Authority:
Provided that in the case of rain-water pipes and waste-pipes abutting on any street, cast-iron or wrought-iron pipes only shall be used, properly jointed
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above described, (unless permission has been granted by the Building Authority to use pipes of other material), and wherever practicable rain-water pipes shall be carried under the foot-path and shall discharge into the side-channel. All joints of stone- ware pipes shall be made in the manner provided by regulation No. 5 of these regulations.
Note. Zinc, tin-plate, riveted or lap-jointed sheet- iron will not be permitted.
28. No water pipe (other than a soil pipe from a water closet or urinal) and no rain-water pipe shall be connected directly with any covered drain, but every such pipe shall be brought down to within one foot froin the ground and shall discharge in the open air near to or over a trap.
29. No rain-water pipe from the roof of a building shall be used as a ventilating pipe for any drain which communicates or is designed to communicate with a
sewer.
30. Any person who may have laid any drain or sewer or constructed drainage works connected there- with shall not cover up such drain sewer or works until the same shall have been previously inspected and pass- ed by the Building Authority or an officer deputed by him, and every such person shall give three clear days written notice to such Authority that such drain or sewer or works are ready for inspection, and such notice shall be delivered at the office of the Building
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